springboot可以把项目打包成app了，docker打包版

上一篇文章介绍了如果通过graalVM 打包java本地应用，这里我们继续介绍如何通过docker打包java的原生镜像。

在操作之前，我们先思考一下问题：为什么要打包成docker容器呢？

就是为了云原生！

或者说，java的本地app打包功能的支持，一大原因就是为了适应云原生时代，所以支持容器也是必然的选择了。

java原生app docker化后部署架构图

下面开始展现代码实现。

代码和依赖

代码部分和本地环境配置方面，和上篇文章 springboot可以把项目打包成app了，Graal打包版 里的graalvm-native-app项目完全一致，就不多说了。

接下来是打包部分的差异。

要将项目打包成docker的原生应用镜像，需要先在操作系统上安装docker环境。

  • linux: 参考官方文档选择自己的发行版安装
  • mac/windows: 个人开发这可以安装docker desktop应用，一键安装，很简单。

docker 安装好 和 nik包（见上文）安装完成后，我们的环境就准备好了。

打包

要想打包成docker 原生app镜像，需要依赖一个paketobuildpacks/builder-jammy-java-tiny镜像。

项目打包过程中也会自动下载，但是提前准备好会提升打包效率。

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docker pull paketobuildpacks/builder-jammy-java-tiny:latest

镜像pull成功后，就可以执行打包命令了，理论上，不用任何操作，一条命令即可将springboot项目打包成docker镜像

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mvn -Pnative spring-boot:build-image

此命令和下面的配置效果一样：

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<build>
	<plugins>
		<plugin>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			<executions>
				<execution>
					<goals>
						<goal>build-image</goal>
					</goals>
				</execution>
			</executions>
		</plugin>
	</plugins>
</build>

都是触发springboot构建插件里的构建docker镜像逻辑。

下面是部分构建过程：

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[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:3.4.3:build-image (default-cli) @ graalvm-native-app ---
[INFO] Building image 'docker.io/library/graalvm-native-app:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
[INFO] 
[INFO]  > Pulling builder image 'docker.io/paketobuildpacks/builder-jammy-java-tiny:latest' 100%
[INFO]  > Pulled builder image 'paketobuildpacks/builder-jammy-java-tiny@sha256:c5c53c656d9151071482c79f2460aee477e25d05d83b5286549074707d1f76f1'
[INFO]  > Pulling run image 'docker.io/paketobuildpacks/run-jammy-tiny:latest' for platform 'linux/arm64' 12%
[INFO]  > Pulling run image 'docker.io/paketobuildpacks/run-jammy-tiny:latest' for platform 'linux/arm64' 32%
[INFO]  > Pulling run image 'docker.io/paketobuildpacks/run-jammy-tiny:latest' for platform 'linux/arm64' 100%
[INFO]  > Pulled run image 'paketobuildpacks/run-jammy-tiny@sha256:0c5ac79d549c4b077a7d857631f817f8b573f5da2c109a51f320ee584d44d3f2'
[INFO]  > Executing lifecycle version v0.20.6
[INFO]  > Using build cache volume 'pack-cache-064fa27f6606.build'
[INFO] 
[INFO]  > Running creator
[INFO]     [creator]     ===> ANALYZING
[INFO]     [creator]     Image with name "docker.io/library/graalvm-native-app:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT" not found
[INFO]     [creator]     ===> DETECTING
[INFO]     [creator]     target distro name/version labels not found, reading /etc/os-release file
[INFO]     [creator]     6 of 15 buildpacks participating
[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates   3.9.1
[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica 11.0.5
[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/syft              2.8.0
[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar    6.12.1
[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot       5.32.1
[INFO]     [creator]     paketo-buildpacks/native-image      5.15.1
[INFO]     [creator]     ===> RESTORING
[INFO]     [creator]     ===> BUILDING
[INFO]     [creator]     target distro name/version labels not found, reading /etc/os-release file
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Buildpack for CA Certificates 3.9.1
[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates
[INFO]     [creator]       Build Configuration:
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_EMBED_CERTS                    false  Embed certificates into the image
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_ENABLE_RUNTIME_CERT_BINDING    true   Deprecated: Enable/disable certificate helper layer to add certs at runtime
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_RUNTIME_CERT_BINDING_DISABLED  false  Disable certificate helper layer to add certs at runtime
[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Helper: Contributing to layer
[INFO]     [creator]         Creating /layers/paketo-buildpacks_ca-certificates/helper/exec.d/ca-certificates-helper
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Buildpack for BellSoft Liberica 11.0.5
[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica
[INFO]     [creator]       Build Configuration:
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_JVM_JLINK_ARGS           --no-man-pages --no-header-files --strip-debug --compress=1  configure custom link arguments (--output must be omitted)
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_JVM_JLINK_ENABLED        false                                                        enables running jlink tool to generate custom JRE
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_JVM_TYPE                 JRE                                                          the JVM type - JDK or JRE
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_JVM_VERSION              21                                                           the Java version
[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Configuration:
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_DEBUG_ENABLED           false                                                        enables Java remote debugging support
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_DEBUG_PORT              8000                                                         configure the remote debugging port
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_DEBUG_SUSPEND           false                                                        configure whether to suspend execution until a debugger has attached
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_HEAP_DUMP_PATH                                                                       write heap dumps on error to this path
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JAVA_NMT_ENABLED        true                                                         enables Java Native Memory Tracking (NMT)
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JAVA_NMT_LEVEL          summary                                                      configure level of NMT, summary or detail
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JFR_ARGS                                                                             configure custom Java Flight Recording (JFR) arguments
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JFR_ENABLED             false                                                        enables Java Flight Recording (JFR)
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JMX_ENABLED             false                                                        enables Java Management Extensions (JMX)
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JMX_PORT                5000                                                         configure the JMX port
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_HEAD_ROOM           0                                                            the headroom in memory calculation
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_LOADED_CLASS_COUNT  35% of classes                                               the number of loaded classes in memory calculation
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_THREAD_COUNT        250                                                          the number of threads in memory calculation
[INFO]     [creator]         $JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS                                                                        the JVM launch flags
[INFO]     [creator]         Using Java version 17 extracted from MANIFEST.MF
[INFO]     [creator]       BellSoft Liberica NIK 17.0.14: Contributing to layer
[INFO]     [creator]         Downloading from https://github.com/bell-sw/LibericaNIK/releases/download/23.0.7+1-17.0.14+10/bellsoft-liberica-vm-core-openjdk17.0.14+10-23.0.7+1-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
[INFO]     [creator]         Verifying checksum
[INFO]     [creator]         Expanding to /layers/paketo-buildpacks_bellsoft-liberica/native-image-svm
[INFO]     [creator]         Adding 146 container CA certificates to JVM truststore
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env.build/JAVA_HOME.override
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env.build/JDK_HOME.override
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Buildpack for Syft 2.8.0
[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/syft
[INFO]     [creator]         Downloading from https://github.com/anchore/syft/releases/download/v1.20.0/syft_1.20.0_linux_arm64.tar.gz
[INFO]     [creator]         Verifying checksum
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env.build/SYFT_CHECK_FOR_APP_UPDATE.default
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Buildpack for Executable JAR 6.12.1
[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar
[INFO]     [creator]       Class Path: Contributing to layer
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env/CLASSPATH.delim
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env/CLASSPATH.prepend
[INFO]     [creator]       Process types:
[INFO]     [creator]         executable-jar: java org.springframework.boot.loader.launch.JarLauncher (direct)
[INFO]     [creator]         task:           java org.springframework.boot.loader.launch.JarLauncher (direct)
[INFO]     [creator]         web:            java org.springframework.boot.loader.launch.JarLauncher (direct)
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Buildpack for Spring Boot 5.32.1
[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot
[INFO]     [creator]       Build Configuration:
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_JVM_CDS_ENABLED                 false  whether to enable CDS optimizations at runtime
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_SPRING_AOT_ENABLED              false  whether to enable Spring AOT at runtime
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_JVM_CDS_ENABLED                  false  whether to enable CDS & perform JVM training run
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_SPRING_AOT_ENABLED               false  whether to enable Spring AOT
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_SPRING_CLOUD_BINDINGS_DISABLED   false  whether to contribute Spring Boot cloud bindings support
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_SPRING_CLOUD_BINDINGS_VERSION    1      default version of Spring Cloud Bindings library to contribute
[INFO]     [creator]       Launch Configuration:
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_SPRING_CLOUD_BINDINGS_DISABLED  false  whether to auto-configure Spring Boot environment properties from bindings
[INFO]     [creator]         $BPL_SPRING_CLOUD_BINDINGS_ENABLED   true   Deprecated - whether to auto-configure Spring Boot environment properties from bindings
[INFO]     [creator]       Class Path: Contributing to layer
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env.build/CLASSPATH.append
[INFO]     [creator]         Writing env.build/CLASSPATH.delim
[INFO]     [creator]       Image labels:
[INFO]     [creator]         org.opencontainers.image.title
[INFO]     [creator]         org.opencontainers.image.version
[INFO]     [creator]         org.springframework.boot.version
[INFO]     [creator]     
[INFO]     [creator]     Paketo Buildpack for Native Image 5.15.1
[INFO]     [creator]       https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/native-image
[INFO]     [creator]       Build Configuration:
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_BINARY_COMPRESSION_METHOD          Compression mechanism used to reduce binary size. Options: `none` (default), `upx` or `gzexe`
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_NATIVE_IMAGE                       enable native image build
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_NATIVE_IMAGE_BUILD_ARGUMENTS       arguments to pass to the native-image command
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_NATIVE_IMAGE_BUILD_ARGUMENTS_FILE  a file with arguments to pass to the native-image command
[INFO]     [creator]         $BP_NATIVE_IMAGE_BUILT_ARTIFACT        the built application artifact explicitly, required if building from a JAR
[INFO]     [creator]       Native Image: Contributing to layer
[INFO]     [creator]         Executing native-image --no-fallback -H:+StaticExecutableWithDynamicLibC -H:Name=/layers/paketo-buildpacks_native-image/native-image/com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication -cp /workspace:/workspace/BOOT-INF/classes:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-boot-3.4.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-boot-autoconfigure-3.4.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/logback-classic-1.5.16.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/logback-core-1.5.16.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/log4j-to-slf4j-2.24.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/log4j-api-2.24.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jul-to-slf4j-2.0.16.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jakarta.annotation-api-2.1.1.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/snakeyaml-2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jackson-databind-2.18.2.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jackson-annotations-2.18.2.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jackson-core-2.18.2.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jackson-datatype-jdk8-2.18.2.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jackson-datatype-jsr310-2.18.2.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/jackson-module-parameter-names-2.18.2.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-core-10.1.36.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-el-10.1.36.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-websocket-10.1.36.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-web-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-beans-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/micrometer-observation-1.14.4.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/micrometer-commons-1.14.4.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-webmvc-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-aop-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-context-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-expression-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/slf4j-api-2.0.16.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-core-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-jcl-6.2.3.jar:/workspace/BOOT-INF/lib/spring-boot-jarmode-tools-3.4.3.jar com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication
[INFO]     [creator]     ================================================================================
[INFO]     [creator]     GraalVM Native Image: Generating 'com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication' (static executable)...
[INFO]     [creator]     ================================================================================
[INFO]     [creator]     For detailed information and explanations on the build output, visit:
[INFO]     [creator]     https://github.com/oracle/graal/blob/master/docs/reference-manual/native-image/BuildOutput.md
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Method ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender.valueOf(String) not found.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Method ch.qos.logback.core.Layout.valueOf(String) not found.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Method ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingPolicy.valueOf(String) not found.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Method ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TriggeringPolicy.valueOf(String) not found.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Method ch.qos.logback.core.spi.ContextAware.valueOf(String) not found.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class jakarta.inject.Inject for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: jakarta.inject.Inject.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class jakarta.inject.Provider for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: jakarta.inject.Provider.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class jakarta.inject.Qualifier for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: jakarta.inject.Qualifier.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class javax.inject.Inject for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.inject.Inject.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class javax.inject.Qualifier for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.inject.Qualifier.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class javax.money.MonetaryAmount for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.money.MonetaryAmount.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class kotlin.Metadata for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: kotlin.Metadata.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class kotlin.reflect.full.KClasses for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: kotlin.reflect.full.KClasses.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class org.eclipse.core.runtime.FileLocator for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.eclipse.core.runtime.FileLocator.
[INFO]     [creator]     Warning: Could not resolve class org.reactivestreams.Publisher for reflection configuration. Reason: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.reactivestreams.Publisher.
[INFO]     [creator]     [1/8] Initializing...                                            (5.0s @ 0.12GB)
[INFO]     [creator]      Java version: 17.0.14+10-LTS, vendor version: Liberica-NIK-23.0.7-1
[INFO]     [creator]      Graal compiler: optimization level: 2, target machine: armv8-a
[INFO]     [creator]      C compiler: gcc (linux, aarch64, 11.4.0)
[INFO]     [creator]      Garbage collector: Serial GC (max heap size: 80% of RAM)
[INFO]     [creator]      1 user-specific feature(s)
[INFO]     [creator]      - org.springframework.aot.nativex.feature.PreComputeFieldFeature
[INFO]     [creator]     SLF4J(W): No SLF4J providers were found.
[INFO]     [creator]     SLF4J(W): Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
[INFO]     [creator]     SLF4J(W): See https://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#noProviders for further details.
[INFO]     [creator]     [2/8] Performing analysis...  [*******]                         (69.2s @ 1.53GB)
[INFO]     [creator]       16,540 (90.76%) of 18,224 types reachable
[INFO]     [creator]       27,186 (67.63%) of 40,196 fields reachable
[INFO]     [creator]       79,799 (63.18%) of 126,298 methods reachable
[INFO]     [creator]        5,144 types,   355 fields, and 5,950 methods registered for reflection
[INFO]     [creator]           64 types,    72 fields, and    55 methods registered for JNI access
[INFO]     [creator]            4 native libraries: dl, pthread, rt, z
[INFO]     [creator]     [3/8] Building universe...                                       (6.4s @ 1.98GB)
[INFO]     [creator]     [4/8] Parsing methods...      [***]                              (7.4s @ 1.32GB)
[INFO]     [creator]     [5/8] Inlining methods...     [***]                              (2.6s @ 1.02GB)
[INFO]     [creator]     [6/8] Compiling methods...    [*******]                         (50.6s @ 1.30GB)
[INFO]     [creator]     [7/8] Layouting methods...    [***]                              (5.8s @ 1.92GB)
[INFO]     [creator]     [8/8] Creating image...       [***]                              (6.5s @ 2.08GB)
[INFO]     [creator]       36.96MB (49.04%) for code area:    51,972 compilation units
[INFO]     [creator]       35.49MB (47.09%) for image heap:  387,870 objects and 253 resources
[INFO]     [creator]        2.92MB ( 3.88%) for other data
[INFO]     [creator]       75.38MB in total
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]     Top 10 origins of code area:            Top 10 object types in image heap:
[INFO]     [creator]       12.67MB java.base                        8.53MB byte[] for code metadata
[INFO]     [creator]        4.24MB tomcat-embed-core-10.1.36.jar    3.95MB java.lang.Class
[INFO]     [creator]        3.38MB java.xml                         3.68MB java.lang.String
[INFO]     [creator]        2.00MB jackson-databind-2.18.2.jar      3.30MB byte[] for java.lang.String
[INFO]     [creator]        1.58MB spring-core-6.2.3.jar            3.23MB byte[] for general heap data
[INFO]     [creator]        1.55MB spring-boot-3.4.3.jar            2.11MB byte[] for embedded resources
[INFO]     [creator]        1.33MB svm.jar (Native Image)           1.39MB c.o.s.c.h.DynamicHubCompanion
[INFO]     [creator]      983.63kB spring-web-6.2.3.jar             1.01MB byte[] for reflection metadata
[INFO]     [creator]      910.71kB spring-beans-6.2.3.jar         740.64kB java.lang.String[]
[INFO]     [creator]      876.46kB spring-webmvc-6.2.3.jar        597.34kB c.o.s.c.h.DynamicHu~onMetadata
[INFO]     [creator]        7.22MB for 69 more packages             6.20MB for 3523 more object types
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]     Recommendations:
[INFO]     [creator]      HEAP: Set max heap for improved and more predictable memory usage.
[INFO]     [creator]      CPU:  Enable more CPU features with '-march=native' for improved performance.
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]        27.4s (17.7% of total time) in 132 GCs | Peak RSS: 3.50GB | CPU load: 2.69
[INFO]     [creator]     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]     [creator]     Produced artifacts:
[INFO]     [creator]      /layers/paketo-buildpacks_native-image/native-image/com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication (executable)
[INFO]     [creator]     ================================================================================
[INFO]     [creator]     Finished generating 'com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication' in 2m 34s.
[INFO]     [creator]       Removing bytecode
[INFO]     [creator]       Process types:
[INFO]     [creator]         native-image: ./com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication (direct)
[INFO]     [creator]         task:         ./com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication (direct)
[INFO]     [creator]         web:          ./com.hancher.springboot3.graalvmnativeapp.GraalvmNativeAppApplication (direct)
[INFO]     [creator]     ===> EXPORTING
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding layer 'paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates:helper'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding layer 'paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar:classpath'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding layer 'buildpacksio/lifecycle:launch.sbom'
[INFO]     [creator]     Added 1/1 app layer(s)
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding layer 'buildpacksio/lifecycle:launcher'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding layer 'buildpacksio/lifecycle:config'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding layer 'buildpacksio/lifecycle:process-types'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'io.buildpacks.lifecycle.metadata'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'io.buildpacks.build.metadata'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'io.buildpacks.project.metadata'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.opencontainers.image.title'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.opencontainers.image.version'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding label 'org.springframework.boot.version'
[INFO]     [creator]     Setting default process type 'web'
[INFO]     [creator]     Saving docker.io/library/graalvm-native-app:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT...
[INFO]     [creator]     *** Images (ede8e2b9d153):
[INFO]     [creator]           docker.io/library/graalvm-native-app:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding cache layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:native-image-svm'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding cache layer 'paketo-buildpacks/syft:syft'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding cache layer 'paketo-buildpacks/native-image:native-image'
[INFO]     [creator]     Adding cache layer 'buildpacksio/lifecycle:cache.sbom'
[INFO] 
[INFO] Successfully built image 'docker.io/library/graalvm-native-app:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  06:41 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2025-03-08T00:22:42+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

同打包java本地应用一样，打包docker 镜像也会比较慢，慢慢等待。

这里的打包慢，也是为了以后的app在启动和运行时速度快。

打包成功后，我们就可以在docker镜像里看到我们自己的应用镜像了

1
docker images

运行docker 

1
docker run --rm -p 8080:8080 docker.io/library/graalvm-native-app:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
  • –rm 容器结束后会自动删除

容器在0.08秒就启动起来了，是不是很快。

验证：

1
2
3
$ curl localhost:8080/hancher

Hello hancher

build-image VS build-image-no-fork

springboot 在打包docker镜像的时候，有build-image 和 build-image-no-fork两种模式，有什么区别呢？

build-image

这是 Spring Boot Maven 插件的默认目标，用于构建基于 Cloud Native Buildpacks 的 Docker 镜像

先调用 Paketo Buildpacks（默认构建工具）来分析项目、编译代码并生成镜像。
然后 打包 JAR 文件，再基于 JAR 生成镜像。

  • 执行过程：

    • 在独立的 Maven 进程（forked process）中运行。
    • 会启动一个新的 JVM 实例来执行构建任务，与当前的 Maven 构建进程分离。

  • 优点

    • 隔离性好，构建镜像的过程不会干扰主 Maven 进程。
    • 适合标准构建流程，尤其是 CI/CD 环境。

  • 缺点

    • 启动新进程会增加少量开销

build-image-no-fork

在当前 Maven 进程中构建 Docker 镜像，而不启动新的子进程，这样虽然会与其他操作冲突，但会更快，适合本地开发时使用（没有并发）。

  • 执行过程：

    • 在当前 JVM 实例内直接执行镜像构建任务，不进行 fork

  • 优点

    • 减少进程创建的开销，构建速度可能略快（尤其在小型项目中）
    • 更适合调试或本地开发，因为它与当前 Maven 上下文紧密耦合。

  • 缺点

    • 如果构建过程中出现问题（例如内存不足、异常），可能会影响整个 Maven 构建流程
    • 因为没有进程隔离的原因，可能导致资源竞争或配置冲突

主要区别

特性 build-image build-image-no-fork
执行进程 新建独立进程（forked） 当前进程（no fork）
隔离性 高，独立于主 Maven 进程 低，与主 Maven 进程共享环境
性能开销 略高（启动新 JVM） 略低（无需新进程）
适用场景 CI/CD、标准构建 本地调试、小型项目
稳定性 更稳定（隔离问题） 可能受主进程影响

你学废了吗？

参考

使用GraalVM打包系统可执行程序

github demo

springboot打包docker镜像配置

spring > springboot
#docker #spring #springboot3.x #native-image #GraalVM #native-application
springboot可以把项目打包成app了，docker打包版
https://www.hancher.top/2025/03/08/spring-spring-native-image-docker/
作者
寒澈
发布于
2025年3月8日
许可协议